This course covers the followings : The Arab world ( 1450 – 1520 ) during the Ottoman control, the Portogese threats North Africa and the Gulf states. The Spanish campaigns : The Ottoman administration, economic social , religions conditions, revolutions, Arabs attitude towords the Ottomans. The first Saudi state, The Mamluks in lraq and Egypt. Political system in Morroco. The Zaydids in yemen, the Arab world during the era of organization, military conditions, influence of the west, economic decline, rise up political parties, Europeans colonial movements in the Arab world .